Article 1. Basic definitions used in this Law
Basic definitions used in this Law are as follows:
1) exemption level - the values of physical quantities that determine the characteristics of nuclear materials, radioactive substances and electrophysical installations, established by the authorized body;
1-1) special drawing rights - a unit of account determined by the International Monetary Fund and used by it for operations and transactions;
2) nuclear energy - the energy released in nuclear reactions and during radioactive decay, as well as the energy of generated ionizing radiations
3) nuclear facilities - sources of ionizing radiation, radioactive wastes and spent nuclear fuel, nuclear, radiation, electrophysical installations, storage points and burial sites, transport packages and nuclear materials;
4) operation of nuclear facilities - administrative, economic and engineering activities carried out by a natural or legal person in the field of the nuclear energy use;
5) handling of nuclear facilities - a set of manual and (or) automated operations, actions with nuclear facilities during their construction, reconstruction, manufacture, receipt, transfer, supply, possession, use, operation, commissioning and decommissioning; operation, processing, installation, repair, maintenance, charging, recharging, dismantling, recycling, conservation, transportation, import, export, decontamination, post- utilization, storage, disposal;
6) the life cycle of a nuclear facility - the placement, design, production, building or construction, commissioning, operation, reconstruction, overhaul, decommissioning, transportation, handling, storage, burial and utilization of nuclear facilities;
7) state control and supervision in the field of nuclear energy use – an activity of the authorized body in the field of nuclear energy use within its competence, aimed at ensuring compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of nuclear energy use by individuals and legal entities;
8) the authorized body in charge of the use of nuclear energy (hereinafter referred to as the authorized body) - a central executive body in charge of the use of nuclear energy;
9) sources of ionizing radiation - radioactive substances, apparatuses or devices containing radioactive substances, as well as electrophysical apparatuses or devices emitting or capable of emitting ionizing radiation;
10) register of sources of ionizing radiation - database of sources of ionizing radiation, which presents a constantly updated set of information on their availability, movement and location within the Republic of Kazakhstan, including information on movement during their export and import;
11) post-utilization - a set of operations, including the dismantlement and demolition of capital structures (buildings, constructions, complexes) after the termination of their operation (use, application) with simultaneous restoration and secondary use of regenerated elements (structures, materials, equipment), as well as processing of non-regenerable elements and waste;
12) burial - storing spent nuclear fuel or radioactive waste at a burial site with no intention to take it out;
13) burial site – a nuclear or radiation installation for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel or radioactive wastes;
14) closure of a burial site - completion of all operations after burying to secure a burial site;
15) installation commissioning - documented activities for putting into operation of the components and systems of a nuclear or radiation or electrophysical installation after completing its construction and relevant testing;
16) installation decommissioning - documented activities for terminating the operation of a nuclear/radiation/electrophysical installation, removing it from state control, taking the installation to its final state and providing a site for its deployment to meet safety requirements;
17) an operator - a legal person conducting activities related to the handling of nuclear facilities;
18) spent nuclear fuel - nuclear fuel that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor and removed from it for good;
19) personnel - individuals permanently or temporarily working with sources of ionizing radiation or exposed to its effects because of working conditions;
20) radiological risk - the likelihood of harm to the life or health of a person, property of natural and legal persons, the environment as a result of exposure to radiation with account of severity of its consequences;
21) radiation safety – properties and characteristics of a nuclear facility ensured by a set of measures limiting radiation effects on personnel, population and the environment in accordance with statutory standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
22) radiation hazard category – characteristic of a nuclear facility showing the degree of its radiation hazard for the population and (or) the environment in the course of its handling or in the event of a possible accident;
23) radiation installation - a special, non-nuclear installation, including the premises, structures and equipment related to it, where nuclear materials and (or) radioactive substances are handled;
24) radioactive substances - any natural or man-made materials in any aggregate state that contain radionuclides;
25) radioactive wastes - radioactive substances, nuclear materials or radionuclide sources containing radionuclides in quantities above the exemption level, which are not intended for further use;
26) radionuclide source - a source of ionizing radiation containing radioactive substances specially created for useful application or being a by-product of any type of activity;
27) storage - temporary placing of nuclear fuel, nuclear materials, radioactive substances, radionuclide sources, spent nuclear fuel, radioactive wastes at storage facilities, with possibility of their removal for further handling;
28) storage facility - a nuclear or radiation installation intended for the storage of nuclear fuel, nuclear materials, radioactive substances, radionuclide sources, spent nuclear fuel, radioactive wastes;
29) transport package - a set of elements required for full placement and retention of radioactive contents during transportation;
30) physical protection - a unified system of organizational and technical measures to prevent unauthorized access to a nuclear facility;
31) electrophysical installation - special, non-nuclear or radiation, installation that generates or is capable of generating ionizing radiation, including its premises, structures and equipment;
32) nuclear safety - properties and characteristics of a nuclear facility, which, with certain probability, make a nuclear accident impossible;
33) nuclear installation - an installation, including premises, structures and equipment, where one or more of the following types of activities are carried out: production, processing, use, transportation, storage, disposal of nuclear material, except for installations for the extraction and (or) processing of natural uranium or thorium;
33-1) a unified operator of nuclear installations - an operator of a nuclear installation that owns directly and (or) indirectly more than fifty per cent of the voting shares (stakes in the authorized capital) of other operators of nuclear installations located within the same site of their location;
33-2) operator of a nuclear installation - a legal entity of the Republic of Kazakhstan operating one or more nuclear installations;
34) nuclear materials - materials containing or capable of reproducing fissile (fissionable) radionuclides;
34-1) nuclear damage - damage, including harm to human life or health, the environment, as well as losses to individuals and legal entities, caused as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation as a result of handling a nuclear installation or nuclear material coming from a nuclear installation, produced in it or aimed at a nuclear installation, as well as the costs of preventive measures;
34-2) nuclear incident - an incident or a series of incidents that cause nuclear damage or create a danger of causing nuclear damage;
35) nuclear security - unified system of organizational and technical measures aimed at preventing, detecting and (or) responding to theft, diversion, unauthorized access, illegal transfer, handling or other unlawful actions with respect to nuclear facilities and (or) an operator.
The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 12, 2016 No. 442-V SAM.
This Law defines the legal basis and principles for regulating public relations in the field of the use of atomic energy in order to protect human life and health, their property, and environmental protection, and is aimed at ensuring the regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, nuclear, radiation, and nuclear physical safety in the use of atomic energy.
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
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