Article 1. The basic concepts used in this Law Section 1. State regulation of Architectural, Urban planning and Construction activities Chapter 1. General provisions of the Law on Architectural, Urban Planning and Construction Activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Home / RLA / Article 1. The basic concepts used in this Law Section 1. State regulation of Architectural, Urban planning and Construction activities Chapter 1. General provisions of the Law on Architectural, Urban Planning and Construction Activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Article 1. The basic concepts used in this Law Section 1. State regulation of Architectural, Urban planning and Construction activities Chapter 1. General provisions of the Law on Architectural, Urban Planning and Construction Activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The following basic concepts are used in this Law:

1) author's supervision is the author's authority to exercise control over:

development of a construction project (construction documentation) carried out by the author(s) of an architectural and urban planning work;

the implementation of a construction project carried out by its developers, including the author(s) of an architectural or urban-planning work;

1-1) Is excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 01.01.2023 No. 182-VII (effective ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication).

2) human habitat - the environment in which a person resides. The habitat includes:

The environment is a set of natural and artificial objects, including atmospheric air, the ozone layer of the Earth, surface and groundwater, land, subsoil, fauna and flora, as well as climate in their interaction.;

An architectural landscape environment is a space with a combination of natural conditions and architectural forms in which a person carries out economic activities and other functions. As a rule, this is the environment of settlements, which determines the living conditions and the psychophysical state of a person.;

An accessible environment (barrier–free) is a property of a building, a place of service, or a place of residence that allows you to easily reach the place and use the service, as well as having parameters that make it possible to use the service and reach the object.;

the internal environment is a complex of living conditions in residential premises and working conditions in working (industrial) premises, including social, aesthetic, biological, psychological and physico-chemical factors, including natural radiation, external noise, biotic environment, pollution, humidity, composition and movement of air, odors, combustion products, natural artificial lighting, clean water, and more;

3) objects of special regulation and urban planning regulation - objects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, the implementation of which is difficult or impossible without the introduction of special rules (procedure), the establishment of exceptions or additions to the generally accepted rules (procedure) for the use of territories, the territory of a settlement, a separate real estate object;

3-1) the register of accredited expert organizations is a single list of legal entities authorized to conduct a comprehensive non–departmental examination of construction projects.;

3-2) accredited expert organization is a legal entity accredited in accordance with the procedure established by the authorized body for architecture, urban planning and construction, which carries out a comprehensive non-departmental expertise of projects for the construction of facilities (feasibility studies and design estimates), which is not classified by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on architectural, urban planning and construction activities as a state monopoly;

4) anthropogenic impacts - positive and negative impacts on nature, the environment, and a locality caused by various forms of human activity. In case of negative impact, it becomes necessary to apply environmental protection measures.;

4-1) the register of certified experts is a constantly updated unified list of individuals certified by the relevant structural divisions of local executive bodies and entitled to:

carrying out work on the examination of projects for the construction of facilities (feasibility studies and design estimates), as well as projects for urban planning of territories (urban development projects of various levels);

technical inspection of reliability and stability of buildings and structures;

provision of engineering services for project management, technical supervision on behalf of the customer and author supervision on behalf of the project developers;

5) zoning of territories - in urban planning, the division of territories into functional zones with the establishment of types of urban use of individual zones and possible restrictions on their use.;

5-1) territorial transport planning – planning for the development of the transport system of a territory, which includes, among other things, planning the location of infrastructure for all types of transport and tracing the route network of transport;

6) construction in progress - a construction object that has not been accepted by the customer for commissioning in accordance with the established procedure and is not used for its intended purpose (accommodation, provision of services, production, profit and other types of operation);

6-1) unique construction object – buildings, structures and their complexes characterized by special architectural, spatial planning, structural, engineering or technological solutions that have not previously been used individually or in combination, for which state or interstate technical regulations and regulatory and technical requirements for design and construction have not been established, determining the need for development, coordination and approval of special technical conditions (special standards) for this facility;

6-2) a single architectural style is a set of uniform features used in construction, characteristic of a certain area of development, including individual development. The main parameters are the exterior, architectural style, color scheme, number of floors, and finishing materials. For the area of individual development, the main parameters are the appearance, architectural style, color scheme, number of floors, finishing materials, fences, type of roof and the location of household buildings on the site.;

7) a structure is an artificially created three-dimensional, planar or linear object (terrestrial, surface and (or) underground, underwater) having natural or artificial spatial boundaries and designed to perform production processes, accommodate and store material assets or temporary stay (movement) of people, goods, as well as placement (laying, wiring) equipment or communications. The structure may also have an artistic, aesthetic, decorative, applied or memorial purpose.;

7-1) detailed planning project – urban planning documentation developed for individual parts of territories and functional zones of settlements, as well as territories located outside settlements;

8) the territory of a settlement is a space within the established boundary (line) of an urban or rural settlement.;

9) the general plan of a settlement is an urban-planning project for the integrated planning of the development and development of a city, village, village or other settlement, establishing the zoning, planning structure and functional organization of their territory, the system of transport and engineering communications, landscaping and landscaping;

9-1) accredited expert organization of a special industrial zone is a management company of a special industrial zone accredited in accordance with the procedure established by the authorized body for architecture, urban planning and construction, and carrying out a comprehensive non-departmental expertise of projects (feasibility studies and design estimates) intended for construction on the territory of a special industrial zone.;

9-2) common areas are territories, facilities that are accessible or open to the public.;

9-3) green spaces – plantings of woody, shrubby and herbaceous plants that perform protective, sanitary, hygienic, social, aesthetic and other functions in the territories of settlements;

9-4) local expert opinion is a project expert opinion that is drawn up and issued to the customer at each stage of expert support for the relevant sections (parts) of the project, with the exception of the final stage of the examination.;

10) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 13, 2012 No. 542-IV (effective after ten calendar days after its first official publication);

11) a project is an idea of individuals and legal entities to ensure the necessary living and living conditions for humans, presented in the form of architectural, urban planning and construction documentation (drawings, graphic and text materials, engineering and estimates), including a feasibility study for construction, and (or) design estimates, disclosing the essence of the idea and the possibility of its practical implementation;

12) pre-project documentation - documentation preceding the development of urban planning, architectural projects, construction projects and including programs, reports, feasibility studies of construction, feasibility studies, results of scientific research and engineering surveys, technological and constructive calculations, sketches, layouts, measurements and survey results of objects, as well as other initial data and the materials necessary for making decisions on the development of project documentation and the subsequent implementation of projects;

13) the project documentation includes:

projects of landscaping of the territory, its external design, placement and installation (construction) of works of monumental or decorative art;

urban planning projects are projects containing the idea of integrated urban planning for the organization, development and development of territories and settlements or their parts (general scheme of organization of the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, interregional schemes of territorial development, integrated schemes of urban planning of territories, general plans of settlements, detailed planning projects, industrial zone planning projects, building projects, master plans facilities and complexes, landscaping and landscaping projects, and other planning projects);

construction project (construction project) - design (design estimate) documentation containing spatial planning, constructive, technological, engineering, environmental, economic and other solutions, as well as estimates for the organization and management of construction, engineering preparation of the territory, landscaping. Construction projects also include projects to preserve the construction of unfinished facilities and to postulate facilities that have run out of resources.;

an architectural project containing an architectural idea, - an independent project for the construction of a structure (monument), the design of which requires the participation of an architect, or part of the design (design estimates) documentation, including architectural, artistic, compositional and spatial planning solutions for the object, taking into account social, economic, functional, technological, engineering, fire protection, anti-explosive, sanitary and hygienic, environmental and other requirements and completed to the extent necessary for the development of a construction project or other documentation for the construction of the facility;

14) interstate project expertise is a mandatory form of expertise of projects of interest to two or more States parties to an international agreement on the construction of an object.;

15) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2014 No. 269-V (effective from 01.01.2015);

16) project expertise is an expert activity that involves analyzing and evaluating the quality of projects by establishing the compliance (non–compliance) of design solutions with the conditions of the source documents (materials, data) for design provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as compliance in design solutions and calculations with the requirements of urban planning and technical regulations, norms and regulations of state and interstate regulatory documents. The examination is divided into:

comprehensive non-departmental expertise of projects for the construction of facilities (including industry and departmental expertise), conducted on the principle of "one window" based on feasibility studies, design estimates intended for the construction of buildings and structures, their complexes, engineering and transport communications;

comprehensive urban planning expertise of urban planning territories, conducted on urban projects at all levels;

16-1) subjects of expert activity in the field of design – expert organizations, as well as experts who are full-time employees of expert organizations or temporarily engaged by these organizations as freelance experts to perform a comprehensive non-departmental expertise or comprehensive urban planning expertise on a separate section (part) of the project;

16-2) expert in the field of design – an individual certified in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on architectural, urban planning and construction activities to carry out expert work on certain sections (parts) of projects, consisting of a staff of one of the expert organizations;

16-3) project management – activities related to the organization, planning, coordination, and control of the design, construction, and commissioning of facilities in accordance with contracts concluded with the customer or investor to achieve the goals of the investment project within a given budget and time frame;

17) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2014 No. 269-V (effective from 01.01.2015);

18) engineering infrastructure - a set of enterprises (organizations), facilities (buildings and structures), communications and networks of engineering and utilities, creating normal conditions for human life, as well as the sustainable functioning of production or circulation of goods and services;

18-1) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2014 No. 269-V (effective from 01.01.2015);

18-2) engineering and technical worker - an individual with a secondary professional or higher education who organizes and manages the production process in the field of architecture, urban planning and construction;

19) transport infrastructure - a set of land (automobile and (or) railways), water (sea and (or) river) communication routes with a complex of bridge, tunnel and other transport structures, road junctions and overpasses, regulatory signaling devices, communications, facilities for engineering support of transport, maintenance of vehicles, transported goods, passengers, provision of functional activities of production and maintenance personnel, warehouses and territories, sanitary protection and security zones, as well as lands, legally assigned to the specified communication routes and facilities, with real estate objects located on them;

19-1) a street and road network is an object of transport infrastructure that is part of the territories of settlements, bounded by red lines and intended for the movement of vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians, the streamlining of buildings and the laying of engineering communications, as well as providing transport, bicycle and pedestrian connections to the territories of settlements as an integral part of their communication routes. The main elements of the road network are streets, avenues, alleys, driveways, embankments, squares, sidewalks, pedestrian and bicycle paths.;

19-2) protected objects – buildings, structures and structures intended for the stay of protected persons, other buildings, structures and structures protected by the State Security Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the adjacent territory and water area. The list of objects protected by the State Security Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan is approved by the Head of the State Security Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan in coordination with the Administration of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan;

20) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2014 No. 269-V (effective from 01.01.2015);

21) urban zoning - the distribution of the territory of a settlement in accordance with its functional purpose (residential, public, industrial, recreational and other functional zones);

22) urban planning and architectural and construction documentation - a system of interrelated documents (including pre-design and design documentation, state and interstate regulatory documents) necessary for the organization of territories, urban planning for the development and development of territories and settlements, construction (expansion, modernization, technical re-equipment, reconstruction, restoration, capital repairs, conservation and postutilization) of facilities, as well as the organization of construction, engineering preparation of the territory, landscaping, landscaping, exterior design;

23) accounting units of the urban cadastre - elements of the organized and used territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a whole, regions, districts, settlements, real estate objects, including all types of volumetric, planar and linear structures;

24) urban planning space is the territory of urban planning regulation, where the material environment of human habitation and vital activity (population of a country, region, locality, part of a locality) is formed;

25) urban planning (hereinafter referred to as urban planning) – activities in urban planning for the organization and development of territories and settlements, their territorial transport planning and traffic management, determining the types of urban use of territories, integrated design of urban and rural settlements, including the creative process of forming urban planning space, creating an urban planning project, coordinating all related sections urban planning documentation;

26) urban planning regulations - regimes, permits, restrictions (including encumbrances, prohibitions and easements) on the use of territories (land plots) and other real estate objects, as well as any permissible changes in their condition established by law.

Urban planning regulations are established by urban planning and architectural and construction documentation executed in accordance with state regulations. The validity of urban planning regulations is limited within the time limit set for them.;

27) territory of urban planning regulation - the territory within which any architectural, urban planning and construction activity is carried out;

28) potentially hazardous construction facilities – hazardous production facilities that, due to their functional purpose and production processes, pose a threat of man-made and (or) environmental disasters causing harm to human health and life, irreparable damage, disruption of the functioning of other facilities requiring special measures to ensure industrial safety during their design, construction and operation;

29) interuniverse territories - territories located outside the borders (boundaries) of settlements;

30) residential territory - a part of the territory of a locality intended to accommodate residential, public (public-business) and recreational areas, as well as individual parts of engineering and transport infrastructure, and other facilities whose location and activities do not have an impact requiring special sanitary protection zones;

30-1) the state bank of construction projects – an electronic archive of feasibility studies, standard projects and design (design estimates) documentation for the construction of new facilities that have received a positive conclusion from a comprehensive non-departmental expertise;

 30-2) state investments in construction (hereinafter referred to as state investments) – investments in the construction of new buildings and structures, their complexes, engineering and transport communications, as well as reconstruction (expansion, modernization, technical re–equipment) or major repairs of existing facilities, the source of which are:

funds from the national and (or) local budgets, including targeted funds aimed at budget investments and budget lending to quasi-public sector entities;

targeted funds for non-state loans under a state guarantee or state guarantee;

funds of the National Fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Public investments also include funds from the national and (or) local budgets aimed at co-financing and (or) compensating investment costs for public-private partnership projects.;

31) construction activity (hereinafter referred to as construction) - activities related to the creation of fixed assets for industrial and non-industrial purposes through the construction of new and (or) modification (expansion, modernization, technical re-equipment, reconstruction, restoration, capital repairs) of existing facilities (buildings, structures and their complexes, communications), installation (dismantling), related technological and engineering equipment, manufacture (production) of building materials, products and structures, as well as carrying out works on the conservation of construction of unfinished facilities and the postutilization of facilities, who have exhausted their resource;

31-1) conclusion on the quality of construction and installation works - a document by which persons carrying out technical supervision confirm the quality of construction and installation works performed.;

32) construction and installation works - construction activity, including:

excavation and special work in the ground;

preparatory work related to the demolition of existing buildings and structures, the installation of temporary engineering networks, roads, storage areas, as well as the vertical layout of the territory;

construction of load-bearing and (or) enclosing structures of buildings and structures (including bridges, transport overpasses, tunnels and subways, overpasses, pipelines, and other artificial structures);

special construction and installation works for laying linear structures;

installation of external engineering networks and structures, as well as internal engineering systems;

protection and finishing of structures and equipment;

construction of roads and railways;

installation of technological equipment, including its assembly and installation in the design position at the site of permanent operation, individual testing and load testing, as well as dismantling;

32-1) construction object – a building, structure and their complexes, communications, which are the final result of construction activities;

33) construction products - the intermediate and (or) final result of architectural, urban planning and (or) construction activities;

34) quality of construction products (quality of the object) - a set of characteristics (including aesthetic) of the final construction products brought to the consumer, reflecting the requirements aimed at ensuring the interests and safety of owners (users) and society as a whole throughout the entire service life (operation, use, application);

35) building regulation lines (building lines) - building boundaries established during the placement of buildings (structures, structures) with an offset from the red and yellow lines or from the boundary of the land plot;

35-1) pricing in construction – the mechanism of formation of the cost of construction products;

35-2) The Unified State Register of New Technologies in Construction is a list of new effective construction production technologies introduced in the Republic of Kazakhstan by subjects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities for which there are no norms in the estimated regulatory framework, formed in accordance with the procedure determined by the authorized body in the field of architecture, urban planning and construction.;

35-3) estimated cost of construction – the money required for the construction of the facility, the amount of which is determined on the basis of design materials and the estimated regulatory framework;

36) red lines are borders separating the territories of blocks, microdistricts, and other elements in the planning structure of settlements from streets (driveways, squares). Red lines are usually used to regulate building boundaries.;

36-1) Is excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 02.01.2023 No. 184-VII (effective sixty calendar days after the date of its first official publication).

37) layout is an illustrative (visual) material made in strict accordance with the scale in a three-dimensional form (with details or conditionally) in order to establish the spatial proportionality of the planned territories, projected objects, their individual elements, as well as the interiors of premises or the interior space of structures. Video materials of computer spatial modeling can be used as a layout.;

38) the state urban planning cadastre is a state system of quantitative and qualitative indicators, including urban planning regulations, cartographic, statistical and textual information characterizing the territory of urban planning, architectural and construction activities on the grounds of the socio-legal regime of its use, the level of engineering and technical security, the parameters and condition of objects located on it, as well as natural- climatic conditions and ecological condition;

39) state standards (state regulatory documents) - a system of regulatory legal acts, urban planning and technical regulations, regulatory and technical documents, other mandatory requirements, conditions and restrictions that ensure favorable, safe and other necessary conditions for human habitation and vital activity;

39-1) state expert organization – a legal entity established by decision of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the organizational and legal form of a republican state enterprise on the right of economic management and carrying out activities related to the state monopoly to conduct a comprehensive non-departmental expertise of construction projects (feasibility studies and design estimates), the formation and maintenance of the state bank of construction projects, as well as the provision of technical- economic justifications, standard projects and design (estimate) documentation from the state bank of construction projects;

40) sketch (draft design) is a simplified view of a design (planning, spatial, architectural, technological, constructive, engineering, decorative or other) solution, made in the form of a diagram, drawing, initial outline (drawing) and explaining the intent of this solution.;

40-1) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/29/2020 No. 352-VI (effective six months after the date of its first official publication);

41) monitoring of facilities – a system for monitoring the condition and changes of objects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities;

42) postutilization of an object is a complex of works for the dismantling and demolition of a capital structure (building, structure, complex) after the termination of its operation (use, application) with simultaneous restoration and reuse of regenerated elements (structures, materials, equipment), as well as the processing of non-regenerated elements and waste;

43) the general plan of an object is a part of the project for the construction of an object (building, structure, complex), containing a comprehensive solution to the issues of its placement on the territory (site), laying (wiring) transport communications, engineering networks, engineering preparation of the site, landscaping and landscaping, organization of economic services and other activities related to the location of the projected object.;

43-1) conclusion on the conformity of an object with fire safety requirements – a document issued by the territorial body of the authorized body in the field of civil protection on the compliance with fire safety requirements of constructed facilities with a mass presence of people and buildings with a height of more than twenty-eight meters before their commissioning;

43-2) technical complexity of an object – the level of responsibility of a construction object according to the degree of technical requirements for the reliability and strength of foundations and structures established by state and (or) interstate (international) standards, depending on the functional purpose of the object, the characteristics of its load-bearing and enclosing structures, the number of floors (structural tiers), seismic hazard or other special geological conditions., hydrogeological, geotechnical conditions of the construction site (area), which are divided into:

The first level of responsibility is increased;

The second level of responsibility is normal;

The third level of responsibility is reduced;

 44) the certificate of acceptance of the facility into operation is a document confirming the completion of the construction of the facility in accordance with the approved project and state (interstate) standards and the complete readiness of the facility for operation.;

44-1) the conclusion on the conformity of the completed works with the project is a document by which the persons exercising author's supervision confirm the conformity of the completed works with the approved design (design and estimate) documentation.;;

44-2) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 28.10.2015 No. 366-V (effective after ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication);

44-3) fire and technical inspection is a type of inspection that determines the compliance or non-compliance with fire safety requirements of constructed facilities with a mass presence of people and buildings with a height of more than twenty–eight meters.;

IZPI's note! Article 1 is provided to be supplemented by subparagraph 44-1) in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 07/01/2024 No. 107-VIII (effective sixty calendar days after the date of its first official publication). 45) excluded by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 13, 2012 No. 542-IV (effective after ten calendar days after its first official publication);

44-4) renovation – a set of measures to renovate construction facilities, including dilapidated and (or) emergency ones, aimed at improving their operating conditions in order to ensure the safety of human life and health, as well as bringing such facilities in line with the architectural appearance of a locality through reconstruction (major repairs), restoration or construction, new construction sites with the demolition of dilapidated and (or) dilapidated construction sites;

46) conservation of facilities under construction - a set of measures to ensure the safety and quality characteristics of structures, materials and equipment of an unfinished facility for the period of temporary suspension of its construction;

47) sanitary protection zone - an area separating special-purpose zones, as well as industrial enterprises and other industrial, communal and warehouse facilities in a locality from nearby residential areas, buildings and structures for residential and civil purposes in order to reduce the impact of adverse factors on them;

47-1) expert opinion – a document of a state expert organization, expert organization or accredited expert organization of a special industrial zone, which is the result of a comprehensive non-departmental examination of a construction project for compliance (non-compliance) with the decisions made with the conditions of the initial and permits (materials, data) for design provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as compliance in the decisions and calculations with the requirements of urban planning and technical regulations, estimated standards and regulations of state and interstate regulatory documents in the field of architecture, urban planning and construction;

47-2) the Chamber of Expert Organizations (hereinafter referred to as the Chamber) is a single non–profit organization established by legal entities consisting of at least three accredited expert organizations engaged in expert activities in the field of design of construction facilities, with the exception of the state expert organization;

48) yellow lines are the boundaries of the maximum permissible zones of possible spread of blockages (collapses) of buildings (structures, structures) as a result of devastating earthquakes, other disasters of a natural or man-made nature. Yellow lines are usually used to regulate gaps between buildings and structures.;

48-1) declaration of conformity – a document by which the contractor (general contractor) certifies that the completed works of the completed facility comply with the approved project and the requirements of state (interstate) standards.;

49) architectural and planning assignment - a set of requirements for the purpose, basic parameters and location of an object on a specific land plot (site, highway), as well as mandatory requirements, conditions and restrictions for design and construction, established in accordance with urban planning regulations for a given locality. At the same time, it is allowed to establish requirements for the color scheme and the use of materials for finishing facades of buildings (structures), spatial and spatial solutions in accordance with sketches provided by the customer (developer, investor).;

49-1) the automated register in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities (hereinafter referred to as the automated register) is a component of an information system in the field of architecture, urban planning and construction integrated with the information systems of government agencies and other organizations, containing information about subjects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities in accordance with this Law;

50) engineering services in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities - a range of services (technical and design supervision, project management) that ensures the preparation and implementation of construction in order to achieve optimal design performance;

51) interstate standards (interstate normative documents) in the field of architecture, urban planning and construction - a system of regulatory and technical documents, rules and other mandatory requirements, conditions and restrictions, including interstate urban planning standards, interstate building codes and interstate standards in construction, effective on the basis of international treaties ratified by the Republic of Kazakhstan in the territories of the Republic Kazakhstan and another State (other States);

51-1) expert work - work on the examination of projects and conducting a technical survey of the reliability and stability of buildings and structures;

52) the authorized body for architecture, urban planning and construction is the central state body responsible for the management of architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the field of public administration;

53) architectural activity (hereinafter referred to as architecture) is the activity of creating architectural objects, including the creative process of creating the external and internal appearance of an object, spatial, compositional, spatial planning and functional organization, fixed in the architectural part of the design documentation for construction (reconstruction, restoration), conducting author supervision during the implementation of the project;

54) architectural objects - a building, a structure, a monument, a complex of buildings and structures, their exteriors and (or) interiors, elements of landscaping, landscape or landscape art created on the basis of architectural or urban planning projects, in the development of which the architect's participation is necessary;

55) a work of architecture (urban planning) is an object of copyright and intellectual property of the author (s), which is the result of a creative process in the professional activity of individuals aimed at creating an architectural object or forming an urban space, including the author's idea, fixed in the form of project documentation, a separate drawing, layout or sketch, and also a project implemented in kind (part of the project);

56) zones (areas) of increased seismic hazard - areas with a possible (expected) seismic impact intensity of seven or more points;

56-1) estimated standards – a set of resources (labor costs of construction workers, working hours of construction machinery, requirements for materials, products and structures) installed on an accepted meter for construction, installation and other work;

56-2) cost and regulatory framework - a set of cost estimates and estimated prices for materials, products and equipment;

56-3) the customer is an individual or a legal entity operating in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on architectural, urban planning and construction activities. Depending on the objectives of the activity, the customer may be the investor of the project (program), the customer (owner), the developer or their authorized persons.;

57) man-made impacts are, as a rule, undesirable or harmful (dangerous) impacts on the population, settlements or inter-settlement territories caused as a result of human economic activity without threat or with the threat of natural and man-made emergencies.;

58) man-made disasters - extreme factors related to economic activity and caused by:

industrial, transport and other accidents;

fires, explosions, or an explosion threat;

emissions or threat of release of biologically, chemically dangerous or radioactive substances;

sudden collapses of buildings or structures, communications;

breakthroughs of hydraulic engineering or sewage treatment plants;

accidents on electric power and communication systems;

59) technical supervision - supervision of construction at all stages of project implementation, including quality, timing, cost, acceptance of completed works and commissioning of facilities;

60) a building is an artificial structure consisting of load-bearing and enclosing structures forming a mandatory ground-based enclosed volume, depending on its functional purpose, used for human habitation or residence, the performance of production processes, as well as the placement and storage of material assets. The building may have an underground part;

61) engineering equipment of buildings (structures) - a complex of engineering systems and technical devices that create normative or comfortable living conditions (everyday life), work (stay) of people, ensuring the preservation of material assets, as well as engineering support for technological equipment and production processes;

61-1) technical inspection of the reliability and stability of buildings and structures is a type of expert work that determines the actual condition of buildings and structures and their elements, reliability and stability, the possibility of further operation of buildings and structures, obtaining a quantitative assessment of the actual quality indicators of structures, taking into account changes occurring over time, to establish the composition and scope of work major repairs, modernization or reconstruction at the facility, as well as changes in the intended purpose;

61-2) standard project – design and estimate documentation for further repeated use in design, developed within the framework of the budget program of the authorized body for architecture, urban Planning and construction;

61-3) low-mobility groups of the population – elderly people, people with disabilities, people who have difficulty moving independently, receiving services, information or navigating in space, including those using baby strollers and (or) wheelchairs.;

62) environmental disasters - extreme environmental factors of disruption of the natural balance associated with climate change:

land conditions (catastrophic subsidence, tectonic faults, griffins, landslides, landslides due to mining, the presence of heavy metals or other harmful substances in the soil in excess of the maximum permissible concentrations, intensive soil degradation, desertification in large areas due to erosion, salinization or waterlogging of soils);

atmospheric composition and properties (abrupt climate change as a result of anthropogenic impact, steady excess of maximum permissible concentrations of harmful impurities and deterioration of air transparency, persistent oxygen deficiency in populated areas, formation of an extensive zone of acid precipitation);

conditions of the hydrosphere (depletion of water sources or their catastrophic or irreversible pollution, persistent shortage of drinking water, as well as water for production and household needs);

the state of the biosphere (death of vegetation in vast territories, the disappearance of animal and plant species, a sharp change in the ability of the biosphere to reproduce).

Environmental disasters also include natural disasters (catastrophic natural phenomena).

The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 16, 2001 No. 242.

This Law regulates the relations that arise between government agencies, individuals and legal entities in the process of carrying out architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and is aimed at creating a full-fledged human habitat and vital activity, sustainable development of settlements and interuniverse territories.

President

Republic of Kazakhstan

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