Declaration by the Heads of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member States
Declaration of St. Petersburg, June 7, 2002
Today, we, the Heads of State of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan, have solemnly signed the Charter, the main statutory document of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO or the Organization). This event marks the creation of the legal foundation for a new international association, the establishment of which we announced in June 2001 in Shanghai. We believe that the creation of the SCO corresponds to the real situation in the region and in the world, and also meets the fundamental interests of the peoples of the six countries.
The SCO is the successor to the Shanghai Five, which emerged on the basis of two groundbreaking agreements for the Asian continent on confidence-building measures in the military field and arms reduction. The SCO was established with the aim of strengthening mutual trust, friendship and good-neighborliness between its member states, strengthening multifaceted cooperation in maintaining and strengthening peace, security and stability in the region, jointly countering new challenges and threats, encouraging effective and mutually beneficial cooperation in various fields, and promoting economic growth, social and cultural development of the Organization's member States.. The SCO is based on the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and inviolability of borders, non-interference in internal affairs, non-use of force or threat of force, and equality of all member States. II The speedy launch of all SCO mechanisms designed to ensure the effective functioning of the Organization will be facilitated by the rapid implementation of procedures for the ratification of the SCO Charter and the Agreement on the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS). The SCO national coordinators are instructed, without waiting for the completion of all domestic procedures related to the entry into force of the SCO Charter, to begin preparing a set of contractual and regulatory documents regulating the work of the Organization's bodies and other parties to its activities. Within the framework of the SCO, effective steps will be taken to implement the Shanghai Convention on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism Z020316_, to adopt relevant documents on multilateral cooperation in suppressing illicit trafficking in drugs and weapons, other types of criminal activities of a transnational nature, as well as illegal migration. It is of urgent importance to create a mechanism for mutual information and search for common points of view on foreign policy issues of mutual interest, including within the framework of international organizations and forums, including the United Nations. We are pleased to note that in parallel with the resolution of organizational issues, the process of developing and institutionalizing substantive cooperation between the Member States in various fields is underway. We highly appreciate the results of the first meeting of the SCO Heads of Government on September 14, 2001 in Almaty and the meetings of the Foreign Ministers on January 7, 2002. In Beijing and on April 26, 2002 in Moscow, we support the development of contacts between defense, foreign policy and border agencies, heads of law enforcement agencies and special services within the Bishkek Group, ministries of culture, emergency services and other government agencies. We have agreed to continue the progressive expansion of areas of cooperation between the SCO member states. We believe that the development of economic partnership is a particularly important task in the SCO's activities. To this end, the negotiation process will be intensified on creating favorable conditions for trade and investment, and developing a long-term Program for multilateral trade and economic cooperation in accordance with the Memorandum between the Governments of the SCO member States dated September 14, 2001. In the near future, it is necessary to identify priority projects for practical cooperation in such areas as the construction of transport communications and energy facilities, water use, extraction and transportation of energy resources, as well as in other areas of mutual interest.
The SCO member States are building their relations within the framework of the emerging multipolar system of international relations, and believe that the world order in the 21st century should be based on mechanisms for collective solutions to key problems, the rule of law, and the consistent democratization of international relations. The SCO member States will make efforts to prevent and peacefully resolve international conflicts related to interethnic, interfaith, territorial, political and other contradictions in strict accordance with the UN Charter and international law. The SCO member States intend to increase cooperation among themselves and with other countries in finding answers to the challenges of the globalization process, neutralizing its negative aspects and possible risks, and preserving the diversity of forms of economic, social and cultural development. Globalization and the national interests of States are not mutually exclusive, but complementary structural elements of the developing world order. The international community needs to develop a new type of security concept based on the principles of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and interaction, contributing to the radical weakening of factors undermining security and the eradication of sources of new threats. The SCO member States are determined to intensify cooperation in the fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism, organized crime, illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as weapons. They view these phenomena as transnational threats, which can only be effectively countered by the collective efforts of the international community. The SCO member States strongly reject all acts, methods and practices of terrorism. The fight against terrorism should be conducted on the basis of the norms and principles of international law, should not be identified with the fight against any religion, individual countries and nationalities, should be devoid of bias and "double standards." The SCO member States consider it necessary to create a global system for countering new threats and challenges with the central coordinating role of the United Nations and the UN Security Council, which would include appropriate multilateral mechanisms for interaction, including early warning and prevention of emerging threats, resolute and adequate response to their manifestations. For actions in this area, it is extremely important to formulate principles within the framework of the United Nations, as well as a clear, binding international legal framework for anti-terrorist activities, which would not give rise to a double interpretation of their content and would not serve as a cover for interference in the affairs of other States and infringement of their sovereignty. A significant contribution to these efforts is the Shanghai Convention on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism of June 15, 2001, as well as the Agreement between the member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure of June 7, 2002. This creates a clear legal framework for establishing practical cooperation at the regional level in the fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism. The SCO member States are confident that an important area of the global anti-terrorist struggle should be to deprive terrorism of its social basis, including the elimination of poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, and discrimination based on race, ethnicity, and religion. The SCO member States support each other's efforts to eliminate manifestations of terrorism, separatism and extremism, as well as the steps taken by the international community to block the channels of financing terrorist activities, and will step up their own efforts to prevent the preparation and financing of acts of terrorism on their territories and deny safe haven to terrorists. The SCO member States confirm their intention to do everything possible to strengthen the role of the United Nations in international affairs and further enhance the effectiveness and authority of the UN Security Council, which bears primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. The SCO member States believe that compliance with the international nuclear non-proliferation regime is one of the most important elements for ensuring peace and security both in Asia and globally. The early accession of all countries to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, as well as the signing and ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty by those States that have not yet done so, will contribute to strengthening strategic stability at various levels. The SCO member States support the creation of nuclear-weapon-free zones, including the initiative of the Republic of Uzbekistan to establish NWFZs in Central Asia. The SCO member States emphasize respect and support for Mongolia's nuclear-weapon-free status. The SCO member States welcome the conclusion of a new Russian-American treaty on further major reductions in strategic offensive arms, and regard this as a positive contribution to the reduction of nuclear weapons. The SCO member States call for the early start of multilateral negotiations to prepare a comprehensive agreement on the non-deployment of weapons in outer space and the non-use of force or threat of force against space objects. The SCO member States, committing themselves to act in accordance with the principles of the UN Charter, reaffirm the universality, indivisibility, interdependence and interconnectedness of all human rights, as well as their obligations to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms, consider peace and development to be the main guarantee for the promotion and protection of human rights, and oppose the use of "double standards" in human rights matters. and interference in the internal affairs of other States under the pretext of protecting them.
The SCO member States have an inalienable right to independently choose the forms and methods of ensuring their security, including establishing cooperation with other States. They will pursue this policy in such a way as not to cause negative consequences for regional stability and security. The SCO member States believe that the security of Central Asia is inextricably linked to the prospects of the peace process in Afghanistan. In this regard, they will step up cooperation among themselves in the field of assistance to the post-war political and economic recovery of this country. The SCO member States welcome the creation of a new, stable Afghanistan - free from terror, war, drugs and poverty, and declare their respect for the cultures and traditions of all the peoples inhabiting this country. They are ready to facilitate the process of forming a broadly representative Government in the interests of the entire Afghan people. The SCO member States want to see the Asia-Pacific region as a zone of peace, stability and shared prosperity, and are ready to cooperate constructively with all states and regional associations in forming a cooperative system of regional security in the Asia-Pacific region, operating within the framework of the UN Charter and international law, taking into account the interests and approaches of all participants equally. The establishment of such a system will be facilitated by strengthening the already proven mechanisms of multilateral cooperation, such as the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and others. The SCO member States proceed from the fact that the Government of the People's Republic of China is the only legitimate government representing the whole of China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China's territory. The SCO member States support the efforts of the two Korean States to develop and expand dialogue and cooperation in the spirit of the agreements reached at the Inter-Korean Summit in June 2000, and consider it useful to establish dialogue and constructive cooperation between the DPRK, the United States and other Western countries in order to ensure lasting peace and stability on the Korean peninsula. The SCO member States call on India and Pakistan to resume political dialogue in order to ease tensions and develop cooperation between the two countries. The SCO member States express deep concern over the protracted crisis in the Middle East, which has a negative impact on regional and international security and stability. The SCO member States call on Israel and Palestine to immediately begin implementing the relevant UN Security Council resolutions, respond positively to the peacekeeping efforts of the international community, and return to the search for peaceful ways to resolve the dispute. The SCO member States are ready, together with the international community, to continue political and diplomatic efforts to ensure the full implementation of all relevant UN Security Council resolutions on the Iraqi issue. The SCO member States highly appreciate the initiative of the Republic of Kazakhstan to convene the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-building Measures in Asia (CICA) and believe that this forum, along with existing structures and mechanisms in Asia, will play an important role in increasing mutual trust and developing multilateral cooperation between Asian countries.
V
We confirm that the SCO is not a bloc or a closed alliance.,
It is not directed against individual countries or groups of States, but is open to
broad cooperation with other States and international organizations
associations in accordance with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and norms
international law based on consideration of mutual interests and community
approaches to solving regional and global problems.
.
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
Chairman of the Chinese
The People's Republic
President
Of the Kyrgyz Republic
President
Of the Russian Federation
President
Republic of Tajikistan
President
Republic of Uzbekistan
(Experts: Umbetova A.M., Sklyarova I.V.)
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