Appendix 4k to the Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan On January 2, 2021 No. 400-VI SAM

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Standard list of environmental protection measures of the Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

1. Protection of atmospheric air:

1) commissioning, repair and reconstruction of dust and gas purification plants designed to capture, neutralize (dispose of) harmful substances released into the atmosphere from technological equipment and aspiration systems;

2) installation work related to the rationalization of thermal systems, including heat recovery, flue gas recirculation with discharge into the burner, domestic production of energy equipment with high efficiency and the use of alternative, environmentally friendly energy sources;

3) implementation of measures to prevent and reduce emissions of pollutants from stationary and mobile sources;

4) implementation of the best available techniques in municipal thermal power plants and thermal power plants;

5) the introduction of equipment, installations and purification devices for the disposal of associated gases, neutralization of exhaust gases, suppression and neutralization of emissions of pollutants and their compounds into the atmosphere from stationary and mobile sources of pollution;

6) installation of catalytic converters for exhaust gas purification in vehicles using unleaded gasoline as fuel with the introduction of fuel additives that reduce the toxicity and smokiness of exhaust gases, equipping vehicles running on diesel fuel with exhaust gas neutralizers, transferring vehicles, expanding the use of electric traction;

7) taking measures aimed at preventing environmental pollution during transportation, storage and use of chemical plant protection products, mineral fertilizers and other preparations;

8) optimization of the technological process, ensuring a reduction in pollutant emissions during mining, blasting, placement and operation of landfills, landfills and landfills;

9) carrying out dust suppression works at mining and thermal power plants, subsurface use facilities and construction sites, including tailings dumps, sludge accumulators, quarries and in-field roads;

10) the introduction and improvement of technical and technological solutions (including the transition to other (alternative) fuels, raw materials, materials) to reduce the negative impact on the environment;

11) purchase of modern equipment, replacement and reconstruction of basic equipment that ensure effective cleaning, disposal, neutralization, suppression and neutralization of pollutants in gases discharged from emission sources, dismantling obsolete boilers with high concentrations of harmful substances in flue gases;

12) the introduction of technological solutions to optimize fuel combustion modes (changing the quality of fuel used, the structure of the fuel balance), reducing toxic substances (including lead compounds, nitrogen oxides) in emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, including for mobile sources;

13) implementation of measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and (or) increasing greenhouse gas uptake;

14) reducing the use of ozone-depleting substances through the use of ozone-safe substances;

15) implementation of automatic monitoring systems for emissions of harmful substances from sources and atmospheric air quality at the border of the residential sanitary protection zone;

16) improving the efficiency of existing dust and gas collection plants (including their modernization, reconstruction) and equipping them with control and measuring devices with the introduction of automatic control systems;

17) construction and modernization of monitoring posts for the state of atmospheric air with the expansion of the list of controlled pollutants through the acquisition of modern equipment and the introduction of a local information transmission network to the authorized body in the field of environmental protection and its territorial divisions.

2. Protection of water bodies:

1) organization of measures and construction of treatment facilities to improve the quality of wastewater, implementation of programs to increase the efficiency of small reserve tanks in local treatment facilities (storage tanks, settling tanks, structures and devices for aeration of water, screens for the retention of pesticides);

2) implementation of the best available techniques in wastewater treatment plants;

3) regulation of the flow of small rivers, clearing their channels or reservoir beds, regular water releases to ensure optimal ecosystem functioning in the basins of small rivers and lakes, as well as other measures to prevent siltation, maintain optimal hydrological conditions and sanitary conditions of small rivers and lakes;

4) modernization of production processes in order to reduce wastewater discharges into natural water bodies, aimed at preventing pollution and reducing negative impacts;

5) implementation of a set of technological, hydrotechnical, sanitary and other measures aimed at preventing clogging, pollution and depletion of water resources;

6) construction, reconstruction, modernization:

installations for wastewater treatment and post-treatment, processing of liquid waste and cubic residues;

sewage treatment plants and sewerage systems for enterprises located in the catchment area of reservoirs, as well as in territories with the status of national parks and resorts;

closed-loop water supply systems, including systems for hydraulic extraction and sludge removal, recycling systems for industrial purposes and reuse of water, including that coming from other enterprises;

special regulatory reservoirs, with the exception of reservoirs for hydraulic engineering and other production purposes;

installations for the treatment of groundwater and groundwater that have been subjected to man-made pollution;

domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants with a system for their transportation and purification up to the established standards of permissible discharge for existing enterprises;

sewage treatment plants based on the use of mechanical, biological, and physico-chemical methods of purification, wastewater treatment plants, and wastewater sinks and outlets;

networks for the transportation of drainage, mine and stormwater, domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewater and slurry waste, flotation tailings (sludge accumulators, settling tanks, ash dumps, evaporation ponds);

7) liquidation of abandoned and inactive wells, grouting or switching to crane controlled mode of self-draining artesian wells;

8) restoration and reconstruction of emergency water facilities and hydro-reclamation systems, purification to standard quality and reuse for technological purposes of drainage and stormwater, domestic and industrial wastewater through the construction of circulating water supply systems and local treatment facilities, implementation of measures to reduce the use of drinking water for technical needs;

9) elimination of wastewater accumulators, groundwater pollution foci, historical pollution and sources of negative impact on water resources, demercurization of the pollution area to reduce the negative effects of their impact on water bodies;

10) expansion of the monitoring network of quantitative and qualitative characteristics in the basins of transboundary rivers;

11) implementation of automatic monitoring systems for the quality of consumed and discharged water;

12) implementation of measures to prevent contamination of surface and groundwater from tailing dumps, mines and tunnels;

13) construction and modernization of surface water monitoring posts with the expansion of the list of controlled pollutants through the acquisition of modern equipment and the introduction of a local information transmission network to the authorized body in the field of environmental protection and its territorial divisions;

14) carrying out measures aimed at preventing contamination of groundwater due to inter-reservoir flows of oil, water and gas, during the development and subsequent operation of wells, as well as the disposal of industrial waste and wastewater.

3. Protection from impacts on coastal and aquatic ecosystems:

1) implementation of measures to protect the aquatic environment from natural consequences caused by fluctuations in sea level or accidents resulting from anthropogenic activities, implementation of protective measures to preserve flooded wells in the coastal zone of the Caspian Sea;

2) construction, reconstruction, modernization of installations and equipment:

collection of oil, fuel oil, garbage and other liquid and solid waste from the waters of rivers, reservoirs, ports;

onshore facilities for receiving household and other waste water from ships, as well as garbage for disposal, storage and cleaning;

3) conservation or complete elimination of land-based sources of pollution that continue to have a negative impact on water bodies;

4) implementation of measures for coastal protection of rivers and reservoirs.

4. Land protection:

1) inventory and liquidation of ownerless production facilities polluting the environment;

2) measures for the rational use of land resources, zoning of lands, as well as carrying out work to assess their condition;

3) reclamation of degraded territories, disturbed and polluted lands as a result of anthropogenic activities: restoration, reproduction and improvement of soil fertility and other useful properties of the land, its timely involvement in economic turnover, removal, preservation and use of the fertile soil layer during work related to land disturbance;

4) protection of lands from depletion, degradation and desertification, the negative effects of water and wind erosion, mudslides, landslides, flooding, flooding, waterlogging, secondary salinization, desiccation and compaction, pollution by waste, chemical, biological, radioactive and other harmful substances;

5) construction, reconstruction, modernization of anti-erosion hydraulic structures, creation of protective forest strips, consolidation of ravines, terracing of steep slopes;

6) elimination of historical pollution, localization and demercurization of sources of pollution of land resources;

7) implementation of measures aimed at restoring natural fertility or increasing soil humus.

5. Protection of the subsoil:

1) implementation of measures to prevent pollution of the subsurface during operations on subsurface use, underground storage of oil and gas, burial of harmful substances and industrial waste, and discharge of wastewater into the subsurface;

2) inventory, conservation and elimination of sources of negative impact on the subsoil.

6. Protection of the animal and plant world:

1) protection of forest ecosystems, carrying out measures to increase forest cover, forest management, accounting and biological justification of productivity of forests and wildlife, maintenance of optimal biodiversity of forest ecosystems;

2) preservation and maintenance of biological and landscape diversity in protected areas (landscape parks, park complexes, and historical and cultural heritage sites) of national and international importance;

3) carrying out measures to preserve the natural conditions of functioning of natural landscapes and natural habitats, taking measures to prevent the death of endangered or endangered species (subspecies, populations) of plants and animals;

4) construction of a national repository of plant and animal genetic resources, conservation of biodiversity, the entire diversity of microorganisms, flora and fauna, as well as natural ecosystems, prevention and prevention of harmful effects of anthropogenic activities on their functioning conditions;

5) reproduction of wild animals (carrying out biotechnological measures, including the resettlement of wild animals and birds, the creation of nurseries and farms for breeding wild animals and birds, as well as harvesting food for their vital functions);

6) greening the territories of administrative-territorial units, increasing the areas of green spaces, plantings on the territories of enterprises, around hospitals, schools, children's institutions and vacated territories, lands subject to desertification and other adverse environmental factors;

7) maintaining the ecological balance in the development of resort recreation areas and tourist centers in protected natural areas (development of plans for the development of recreational areas, construction of modern landfills, sewage collectors and sewage treatment plants, conversion of boilers to environmentally friendly alternative fuels);

8) carrying out work on the protection and reproduction of the forest fund, rehabilitation of territories after forest fires and reforestation;

9) protection, conservation and restoration of biological resources.

7. Waste management:

1) processing of enrichment tailings, overburden and host rocks, their use for the purpose of carrying out the technical stage of reclamation of spent, disturbed and polluted lands, laying in the internal dumps of quarries and spent mine voids, for filling quarry roads, protective dams and structures;

2) the introduction of technologies for the collection, transportation, neutralization, use and processing of all types of waste, including ownerless;

3) construction, reconstruction of factories, workshops and production facilities, purchase and operation of installations:

landfills for storing any type of waste;

collection, transportation, processing, sorting, disposal and burial of waste;

collection and processing of secondary material resources;

collection, transportation, processing and disposal of liquid industrial waste polluting reservoirs or groundwater;

for the production of raw materials or finished products related to the extraction of useful components from waste (processing of enrichment tailings, overburden and host rocks, ash and slag, metallurgical slag, man-made mineral formations);

4) neutralization and elimination of prohibited and obsolete pesticides and their containers;

5) reconstruction and modernization of equipment and technological processes aimed at minimizing the volume of waste generation and disposal;

6) carrying out measures to eliminate ownerless waste and historical pollution, prevent their further occurrence, timely reclamation of lands disturbed as a result of pollution by industrial, solid household and other waste;

7) implementation of measures for the disposal of obsolete pesticides that do not contain persistent organic pollutants and containers from under them.

8. Radiation, biological and chemical safety:

1) burial, reburial of ampoule sources of ionizing radiation, and final disposal of radioactive waste from bankrupt enterprises, former military installations, state-owned enterprises, and municipal property enterprises;

2) conducting radioecological surveys of the territories of regions, cities of republican significance, and the capital in order to identify radioactive contamination of environmental facilities;

3) decontamination of foci of radioactive contamination (soil, mining dumps, scrap metal), burial of ionizing radiation sources and radioactive waste;

4) construction of temporary storage and disposal facilities for radioactive waste;

5) compliance by organizations engaged in activities using atomic energy and ionizing radiation sources with radiation safety requirements;

6) rehabilitation of radioactive and toxic industrial waste disposal areas, decommissioning of persistent organic pollutants, and prevention of biological pollution of the natural environment;

7) elimination and recycling of accumulated sulfur volumes;

8) elimination of registered and unaccounted-for sources of radiation, including waste, and historical pollution in order to reduce radiation hazards to life and (or) public health and the environment.

9. Implementation of management systems and the best safe technologies:

1) the introduction of environmentally friendly water-saving, soil protection technologies and land reclamation measures in the use of natural resources, the use of low-waste technologies, the improvement of advanced technical and technological solutions to reduce emissions of pollutants into the environment;

2) the introduction of environmentally friendly resource-saving technologies for the enrichment, storage and transportation of mineral raw materials, purification and disposal of industrial waste;

3) the introduction of progressive, modern and effective technological solutions based on the results of scientific research, the use of modern equipment and technologies in production processes (including enterprises based on renewable and resource-saving technologies, changes in sources and types of raw materials of thermal energy resources), the transition to alternative energy sources characterized as environmentally friendly (bioethanol and others);

4) development of new surveillance systems based on Earth and in space, data exchange of satellite observation systems;

5) the introduction of marks and certification in the field of environmental compliance through more effective management, certification of products, quality and production systems, works and services that ensure product safety, the introduction of an environmental management system in accordance with current national standards of environmental management system.

10. Scientific research, exploration and other developments:

1) development of state programs in the field of environmental protection;

2) conducting research and developing environmental quality targets;

3) conducting environmental studies to determine the background state of the environment, identify possible negative impacts of industrial activities on ecosystems, and develop programs and action plans to reduce environmental pollution;

4) carrying out research and development work on the creation of environmental protection equipment, installations, structures, enterprises and facilities, the development of advanced environmental technologies (know-how), methods and means of protecting natural objects from the negative effects caused by economic activity;

5) conducting scientific and survey work to preserve the gene pool and biodiversity;

6) carrying out survey work to substantiate the composition of environmental protection measures that ensure the protection of natural waters, soils and landscape;

7) study and monitoring of the radioecological situation in the territories adversely affected by nuclear tests and the territories of military units, conducting comprehensive hydrogeological and geoecological studies of the territories of military test sites;

8) development of rapid methods for the determination of harmful impurities in air, water and soil;

9) development of non-traditional approaches to environmental protection and creation of highly efficient systems and installations for waste gas and wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises, waste disposal;

10) development of technological processes, equipment, devices and reagents providing deep processing of raw materials with disposal of the generated waste;

11) improvement of methods for the neutralization of solid household and industrial waste in order to prevent heavy metals and xenobiotics, chemicals and compounds alien to living organisms (industrial pollutants, pesticides, household chemicals, medicines), from entering the natural environment;

12) development of schemes, water management balances, navigation modes on sea vessels involved in economic and production activities, and standards in the field of water resources protection;

13) conducting environmental research, developing qualitative and quantitative indicators (environmental standards and requirements), regulatory and methodological documents on environmental protection;

14) conducting scientific and research work on the radioecological assessment of uranium mining enterprises;

15) conducting comprehensive studies to assess the impact of nuclear power plants on the environment;

16) development of a model for the management of transboundary water bodies;

17) development of complex scientifically based hydrotechnical, chemical, biological and ichthyological methods of purification of water bodies.

President

Republic of Kazakhstan

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