On approval of the Forecast scheme of territorial and spatial development of the country until 2020
Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 21, 2011 No. 118.
In order to create conditions that ensure the growth of the well-being of the population based on the development and effective use of the socio-economic potential of each region of the country, I DECREE:
1. To approve the attached Forecast Scheme for the territorial and spatial development of the country until 2020 (hereinafter referred to as the Forecast Scheme).
2. To the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan:
1) to develop and approve an Action Plan for the implementation of the Forecast Scheme within three months.;
2) take other measures resulting from this Decree.
3. To invalidate the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated August 28, 2006 No. 167 "On the Strategy of Territorial Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2015" (SAPP of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2006, No. 31, art. 337).
4. Control over the implementation of this Decree shall be entrusted to
The Administration of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
5. This Decree shall enter into force from the date of signing.
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
N. Nazarbayev
Approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on July 21, 2011 No. 118
FORECAST SCHEME of territorial and spatial development of the country until 2020
The footnote. The forecast scheme as amended by Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 08/25/2015 No. 73 (effective from the date of the first official publication).
Content
Introduction
Section 1. Analysis and assessment of the economic potential of territories
Section 2. Directions of spatial development
Section 3. Forecast parameters of the country's development
Section 4. Schemes of long-term development of regions until 2020
Introduction
The forecast scheme for the territorial and spatial development of the country until 2020 (hereinafter referred to as the Forecast Scheme) is an important tool for the development of the country, defines the approaches of the state in key areas of regional development.
The forecast scheme provides a link between current and long-term, macroeconomic, sectoral and regional aspects of development, and allows coordinating the actions of businesses, sectoral and territorial government agencies and other organizations.
The long-term orientation and complex nature of the Forecast Scheme make it possible to use it to identify existing reserves and opportunities, to form promising areas of economic development on this basis, complementing or developing the already implemented areas of development.
The forecast scheme is aimed at creating conditions for improving the well-being of the population based on the rational organization and placement of socio-economic potential in the country.
According to 2014 data, the economic density calculated as the amount of gross value added per unit area of the country in Kazakhstan amounted to 80.0 thousand US dollars, which is significantly lower than the economic density of Eastern European countries such as Poland (1,790 thousand US dollars), Hungary (1,514 thousand US dollars), as well as the CIS, such as Russia (113.6 thousand US dollars).
One of the factors that negatively affects the economic density of Kazakhstan is the lack of river transport hubs and access to the open seas in Kazakhstan.
In this regard, the task of stimulating the concentration of economic and labor resources in economically promising areas and favorable natural and climatic zones is extremely urgent for Kazakhstan, creating conditions for the growth of economic activity of market participants and the formation of a single internal economic space harmoniously integrated with the global economy.
The economic density of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan is characterized by a high degree of differentiation, which characterizes the uneven economic development of the country in the territorial context.
The global experience of successful development in a number of countries shows that this occurs in conditions of territorial concentration of production, capital and human resources in highly urbanized areas.
Thus, in modern conditions, space and location are no longer considered as secondary factors of state policy and are becoming an important factor in the socio-economic development of the country. Factors such as the growth of cities and agglomerations, increased population mobility, and the development of trade and services, which have served as catalysts for progress in developed countries over the past two decades, are now acting as driving forces for developing countries.
Section 1. Analysis and assessment of the economic potential of territories
1. Analysis of the resource potential of the country's regions
Natural resources
Currently, Kazakhstan is one of the richest countries in terms of natural resources. In terms of proven reserves of hydrocarbons, non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals, rare earths, and uranium, the country occupies a leading position (Figure 1).
Fig.1 - Kazakhstan in the world ranking for
reserves of natural resources.
Such rich natural resources allow Kazakhstan to become one of the leaders in the extraction and export of natural resources (Figure 2).
Fig.2 - Kazakhstan in the world ranking for
extraction of natural resources.
The oil industry
According to the Committee of Geology and Subsoil Use of the Ministry of Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the confirmed oil reserves in Kazakhstan amount to about 4.8 billion tons. These reserves account for about 2% of the world's oil reserves and allow the country to be among the top 12 countries in the world in terms of oil reserves. At the same time, the country's prospective oil reserves are estimated at 17 billion tons.
Oil and gas-bearing regions occupy 62% of the country's area and have 252 oil fields, of which about 130 are under development.
More than 90% of oil reserves are concentrated in 15 major fields: Tengiz, Kashagan, Karachaganak, Uzen, Zhetybai, Zhanazhol, Kalamkas, Kenkiyak, Karazhanbas, Kumkol, Severnye Buzachi, Alibekmola, "Central-Eastern Gap", "Kenbai", "Royal". The deposits are located in seven of the fourteen regions of Kazakhstan: Aktobe, Atyrau, West Kazakhstan, Karaganda, Kyzylorda, Mangystau and East Kazakhstan regions. At the same time, approximately 70% of hydrocarbon reserves are concentrated in western Kazakhstan.
The Atyrau region has the most explored oil reserves, with more than 100 fields with recoverable reserves of more than 3.5 billion tons.
The largest operating field in the region is Tengizskoye (initial recoverable reserves are 781.1 million tons). The most promising oil field is the Kashagan field, with prospective reserves estimated in the range of 1.5 to 10.5 billion tons.
Table 1 - Oil production, including gas condensate, thousand tons
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
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