Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women
Adopted by General Assembly resolution 48/104 of December 20, 1993
The General Assembly, recognizing the urgent need for the universal application of rights and principles relating to equality, security, freedom, inviolability and dignity of all human beings to women, noting that these rights and principles are enshrined in international instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Recognizing that the effective implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women will contribute to the elimination of violence against women and that the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women contained in this resolution will strengthen and complement this process, Concerned that violence against women It is one of the obstacles to achieving equality, development and peace., As recognized in the Nairobi Forward-looking Strategies for the Advancement of Women, which recommended a set of measures to combat violence against women, as well as towards the full implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, reaffirming that violence against women is a violation of women's human rights and fundamental freedoms, and It also prevents or does not allow them to enjoy these rights and freedoms., and concerned about the failure for a long time to ensure the protection and promotion of such rights and freedoms in cases of violence against women, recognizing that violence against women is a manifestation of the historically unequal balance of power between men and women, which has led to the domination of women and discrimination against women by men, and It also hinders the comprehensive advancement of women, and that violence against women is one of the fundamental social mechanisms., through which women are forced into a subordinate position compared to men, concerned that certain groups of women, such as women belonging to national minorities, indigenous women, refugee women, migrant women, women living in rural and remote areas, and women deprived of their means of livelihood women in institutions or incarcerated, girls, women with disabilities, older women and women in areas of armed conflict are particularly vulnerable to violence, Recalling the conclusion contained in paragraph 23 of the annex to Economic and Social Council resolution 1990/15 of 24 May 1990 that the recognition that violence against women in the family and society is increasing and affects all women, regardless of wealth, social status, and cultural background, must be accompanied by urgent and effective measures to eliminate violence, recalling also Economic and Social Council resolution 1991/18 of 30 May 1991, in which the Council recommended the development of a framework for an international instrument, which would specifically address the issue of violence against women, welcoming the role played by women's movements in drawing increasing attention to the nature, severity and scale of the problem of violence against women, alarmed that the opportunities for women to achieve legal, social, political and economic equality in society are limited, in particular by the constant and the endemic nature of violence, being convinced that, That, given the above, there is a need for a clear and comprehensive definition of violence against women, a clear statement of rights to ensure the elimination of violence against women in all its forms, determined efforts on the part of States to meet their obligations and determined efforts on the part of the international community as a whole to eliminate violence against women, Solemnly proclaims this Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women and urges that every effort be made to make the Declaration widely known and respected.:
Article 1
For the purposes of this Declaration, the term "violence against women" means any act of gender-based violence that causes or is likely to cause physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, as well as threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether in public or private life.
Article 2
Violence against women is understood to cover, but is not limited to, the following cases: (a) Physical, sexual and psychological violence that occurs in the family, including beatings, sexual coercion of girls in the family, dowry-related violence, rape of a wife by her husband, damage to female genitals, and others traditional practices that harm women, extramarital violence, and exploitation-related violence; (b) Physical, sexual and psychological violence that occurs in society as a whole, including rape, sexual coercion, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere, trafficking in women and forced prostitution; (c) Physical, sexual and psychological violence by or with the connivance of the State, wherever it happens.
Article 3
Women enjoy equal rights in the exercise and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in political, economic, social, cultural, civil and any other fields. These rights include, in particular: (a) the right to life; (b) the right to equality; (c) the right to liberty and security of person; (d) the right to equal protection in accordance with the law; (e) the right not to be discriminated against in any form; (f) the right to the highest attainable standard of living. physical and mental health; (g) The right to fair and favourable working conditions; (h) The right not to be subjected to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Article 4
States should condemn violence against women and should not invoke any customs, traditions or religious motives to avoid fulfilling their obligations to eliminate it. States should immediately begin implementing policies to eliminate violence against women by all appropriate means and, to this end, should: (a) Consider, if they have not yet done so, ratifying or acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women or withdrawing their reservations to that Convention; (b) Refrain from using violence against women; (c) Pay due attention to the prevention, investigation and punishment of acts of violence against women in accordance with national legislation, regardless of whether such acts are committed by the State or private individuals; (d) Develop criminal, civil, labor and administrative sanctions to punish offenses and compensate for the damage caused to women who have been subjected to acts of violence; Women who have been subjected to acts of violence should have access to justice mechanisms and, in accordance with national legislation, to fair and effective remedies for the harm they have suffered; States should also inform women of their rights to redress through such mechanisms.; (e) Consider developing national action plans to ensure the protection of women from all forms of violence or include relevant provisions in existing plans to that end, taking into account, as appropriate, the assistance that non-governmental organizations, especially organizations dealing with violence against women, can provide.; (f) Develop comprehensive preventive approaches and any possible legal, political, administrative and cultural measures that help protect women from all forms of violence, and ensure that women are not victimized again as a result of laws, law enforcement practices and other actions that do not distinguish between men and women.; (g) Carry out the necessary work to ensure, to the maximum extent possible, taking into account their available resources and, if necessary, through international cooperation, that specialized assistance is provided to women who have been subjected to violence and, if necessary, to their children, such as rehabilitation, child care and maintenance, treatment, counseling and medical and social services, the establishment of appropriate services and programs, as well as support structures, and take any other appropriate measures to promote their safety, as well as physical and psychological rehabilitation; (h) Provide the necessary resources in State budgets for their activities related to the elimination of violence against women; (i) Take measures to ensure that law enforcement officials and government officials responsible for implementing policies to prevent, investigate and punish acts of violence against women for them, they received training based on the need to understand the special needs of women; (j) Take all necessary measures, especially in the field of education, to change the social and cultural patterns of behavior of men and women and to eliminate prejudices, customs and other practices based on ideas of inferiority or superiority of one of the sexes or on stereotypical ideas about the roles of men and women; (k) To promote research, information collection and compilation of statistical data on the prevalence of various forms of violence against women, especially data related to domestic violence, and to encourage research on the causes, nature, extent and consequences of violence against women and on the effectiveness of measures taken to prevent and eliminate violence against women; such statistics and the results of such studies should be made public; (l) Take measures aimed at eliminating violence against women, who are in the most vulnerable situations; (m) Include in reports submitted pursuant to relevant United Nations human rights instruments information on violence against women and measures taken to implement this Declaration; (n) Encourage the development of relevant guidelines to assist in the implementation of the principles set out in this Declaration; (o) To recognize the important role of the women's movement and non-governmental organizations worldwide in raising awareness of the problem of violence against women and reducing its severity; (p) To support and strengthen the activities of the women's movement and non-governmental organizations and cooperate with them at the local, national and regional levels; (q) To encourage regional intergovernmental organizations whose members They seek to include appropriate measures to eliminate violence against women in their programmes.
Article 5
The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system should, within their competence, promote the recognition and implementation of the rights and principles set forth in this Declaration, and to this end, in particular, should: (a) Promote international and regional cooperation to develop regional strategies to combat violence, share experiences and finance programmes related to elimination of violence against women; (b) To facilitate meetings and seminars to raise awareness and understanding of violence against women among all people; (c) To promote coordination and exchanges within the United Nations system between human rights treaty bodies to effectively address violence against women; (d) To include in the reports of organizations and bodies of the United Nations system devoted to the analysis of social trends and problems, such as periodic reports on the world social situation, consideration of trends in violence against women; (e) To promote coordination between organizations and bodies of the United Nations system in order to include the issue of violence against women current programmes, paying special attention to the most vulnerable groups of women; (f) To promote the development of guidelines or manuals on violence against women, taking into account the measures mentioned in this Declaration; (g) To take into account, as appropriate, the issue of the elimination of violence against women in the implementation of their mandates, including with regard to the implementation of human rights instruments; (h) To cooperate with non-governmental organizations organizations in solving the problem of violence against women.
Article 6
Nothing in this Declaration affects any provision that contributes more to the elimination of violence against women and which may be contained in the legislation of a State or in any international convention, treaty or other document in force in the State.
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